Basics of Electricity

Electrical Knowledge

Basics of Electricity:

The Flow of Electrons which causes the current is called Electricity 
What all the things involved in electricity? 
The things involved in producing electricity are potential required for flow of electrons and resistance offered to the flow of electrons. Common Terminologies of Electricity Current: Flow of electrons from one place to another place with potential difference is called Current. 
Current is measured in Amperes(A)
Voltage: Voltage is energy required to drive electric charge from one place to another place or electric potential difference or pressure between two point of the charges Voltage is measured in Volts(V)
Resistance: Resistance offered the flow of electrons is called Resistance.
The Unit of Resistance is OHM.
Different types of Currents There are two types of Currents Direct current (DC) and Alternative Current (AC)
Direct Current: The flow of current in one direction or same direction at all points of time is called Direct Current, although the magnitude of the current might vary. 

Alternative Current: The flow of current or charges in both the direction is called Alternative Current. The number of AC cycles per second is called Frequency and is measured in Hertz. 

You all might know how the energy is generated from different forms of energy like Hydel, thermal, Nuclear, Solar, Geo thermal. These topics might have studied in your school days so I would not give much explanation on these topics. The Energy is generated in some place and consumed in some place, hence we require a medium to transport power from one place to another place, which is done by conductors.
Below shows the how energy is produced transmitted and distributes and consumed. Power is Produced or Generated: In a particular location where resources are available
Transmitted: Over a long Distance from Generation station to substation in cities or Villages.
Distributed: Over a smaller distances to cater the power consumption for cities and villages.

Consumed:  

At a particular place. Below diagram show typical pictures of Generation to Consumption  

 

Levels of Voltages

The voltage levels are different from Generation, Transmission, Distribution and consumption.

Voltage Levels 

• Generation 11KV to 33KV
• Transmission 440KV, 220KV,765KV
•  Distribution 110KV, 66KV , 33KV
• Consumption 230V, 400V

To Step up and Step down of Voltage to transport power from one place to another place, Transformers are used.